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The Bow School District was acting within its authority to kick two soccer dads out of a girls game for wearing pink “XX” wristbands as a silent protest against biological males playing on girls’ teams, a federal judge ruled Monday.

But one of the dads, Anthony Foote, told NHJournal he plans to keep fighting for what he sees as the rights of women and girls.

“What was our offense? Supporting girls’ sports and defending biological reality?” Foote said. “This ruling is a slap in the face to every parent who believes schools should be a place of fairness, not political indoctrination. The judge openly admitted that Pride flags are allowed because they promote ‘inclusion,’ but wristbands defending women’s sports are banned because they might ‘offend’ someone. That’s viewpoint discrimination, plain and simple — and it’s unconstitutional.”

United States District Court Judge Steven McAuliffe ruled against Foote, Kyle Fellers, Eldon Rash, and Nicole Foote in a 45-page order denying their preliminary injunction against SAU 67. The parents are being represented by the Institute for Free Speech, a legal nonprofit that promotes parents’ rights. Del Kolde, the senior attorney, said he is still considering his next steps in this case.

“We strongly disagree with the Court’s opinion issued today denying our request for a preliminary injunction. This was adult speech in a limited public forum, which enjoys greater First Amendment protection than student speech in the classroom. Bow School District officials were obviously discriminating based on viewpoint because they perceived the XX wristbands to be ‘trans-exclusionary.’ We are still evaluating our options for next steps,” Kolde said.

The crux of McAuliffe’s ruling is that while Fellers, Foote, and the others acted within their First Amendment rights to protest, venues like school athletic events are considered “limited public forums” and school officials acted within their legal authority to restrict what the parents said and did.

“The question then becomes whether the School District can manage its athletic events and its athletic fields and facilities — that is, its limited public forum — in a manner that protects its students from adult speech that can reasonably be seen to target a specific student participating in the event (as well as other similar gender-identifying students) by invited adult spectators, when that speech demeans, harasses, intimidates, and bullies. The answer is straightforward: Of course it can. Indeed, school authorities are obligated to do so,” McAuliffe wrote.

For days before the Sept. 10, 2024, game, Anthony Foote and Fellers made it known to school officials that they were unhappy Bow High School was going to play a game against a girls’ team with a biological male player, Parker Tirrell. 

Days before the game, Tirrell made national news with a court victory against the state of New Hampshire’s law barring biological males from girls’ sports.

The dads went on social media to discuss various protest ideas, according to the evidence in the case. McAuliffe wrote that it is reasonable, given the context of the game, for SAU 67 administrators to be concerned that the potential protests would be interpreted by Tirrell as bullying and harassing.

And as such, the judge ruled, the school had the right to limit the dads’ speech.

“The message generally ascribed to the XX symbol, in a context such as that presented here, can reasonably be understood as directly assaulting those who identify as transgender women,” McAuliffe wrote. “Because gender identities are characteristics of personal identity that are ‘unalterable or otherwise deeply rooted,’ the demeaning of which ‘strikes a person at the core of his being,’ and because Bow school authorities reasonably interpreted the symbols used by plaintiffs, in context, as conveying a demeaning and harassing message, they properly interceded to protect students from injuries likely to be suffered.”

Fellers and Foote have maintained they were not targeting or harassing any particular student with their wristbands. McAuliffe ruled that, even accepting their stated intent not to harass Tirrell, the broader context for the game made the SAU’s actions reasonable and justified.

“While plaintiffs may very well have never intended to communicate a demeaning or harassing message directed at Parker Tirrell or any other transgender students, the symbols and posters they displayed were fully capable of conveying such a message. And, that broader messaging is what the school authorities reasonably understood and appropriately tried to prevent,” McAuliffe said.

Critics of the judge’s ruling say that it is clearly viewpoint discrimination and the judge’s view that “gender identity” is “inalterable” isn’t based on biological fact or in law.

McAuliffe has yet to rule on the permanent injunction. Fellers, Foote, and the other parents are seeking to allow them to protest at school games and other events. 

It’s not an Appeal to Heaven, but to the First Circuit Court of Appeals for Nashua residents Beth and Stephen Scaer in their Pine Tree flag fight with the city.

The Scaers filed a lawsuit seeking an injunction against Nashua after they were denied an application to fly the Revolutionary War-era banner, which includes the slogan “An Appeal to Heaven,” by Nashua officials. On Friday, lawyers for the Scaers’ filed notice in the federal court of their intention to go to the appeals court in Boston.

Last Month, United States District Court Judge Landya McCafferty denied their motion for a preliminary injunction, ruling the couple was likely to lose their case on the merits. McCafferty relied on Magistrate Judge Talesha Saint-Marc’s review and report of the case in her ruling. 

According to McCafferty and Saint-Marc, the city did not violate the Scaers’ free speech rights when it denied their flag application. They argue the city’s application process for requests to fly flags on the city’s Citizen’s Flag Pole is an example of an allowable government speech restriction that does not infringe on the First Amendment.

Nathan Ristuccia, an attorney with the legal nonprofit The Institute for Free Speech, insists the court is wrong and that the treatment of the Scaers, who are outspoken political conservatives, is viewpoint discrimination.

“The City of Nashua cannot manipulate government speech doctrine into a ruse for subsidizing viewpoints they like and discriminating against those they disfavor,” Ristuccia wrote in a motion arguing against Saint-Marc’s report. “The City has sought to maintain the Citizen Flag Pole as a forum for favored constituents while using its written policy to create a superficial appearance of compliance with (prior free speech ruling) Shurtleff v. City of Boston.”

In the past, the Nashua city government has allowed flags celebrating Pride Month, transgender rights, as well as ethnic heritage with the national flags of Greece and the Dominican Republic. However, the city has also rejected previous requests to fly symbols advocating pro-life politics, libertarianism, and protecting women’s sports from biological males. 

The city adopted a flag pole policy in 2022, after several rejected applications, that states in part, “[the] flag pole is not intended to serve as a forum for free expression by the public.”

Ristuccia calls the policy an attempt at invoking “magic words” to get around the First Amendment claims of people whose applications were rejected. The Scaers had their Pine Tree Riot flag rejected in 2024 when the city informed them the Revolutionary War banner is not “in harmony with city policies and messages that the city wishes to express and endorse.”

The city’s rejection of the Pine Tree Riot flags is not about Nashua officials harboring royalist sentiment. Instead, officials are being swayed by current political prejudices seemingly shared by Saint-Marc. In her report, Saint-Marc determined the flag the Scaers wanted to fly is a symbol that’s been coopted by the “far right.”

“The record also indicates that the flag was used during the Jan. 6, 2021 attack on the United States Capitol Building in Washington, D.C.,” Saint-Marc wrote.

City Attorney Jonathan Barnes likened the Scaer’s request to fly the Pine Tree Riot flag at city hall to flying a Nazi flag during his arguments in front of Saint-Marc.

“I mean, [Ristuccia] would have you believe that we can raise the Nazi flag to commemorate Hitler’s birthday. I think that’s totally unreasonable, and it certainly wouldn’t be in the city’s best interests to do that,” Barnes said in court.

The 1772 Pine Tree Riot took place in Weare and is considered a pivotal event that led to the American Revolution. The flag has long been associated with patriotic movements. The Scaers wanted to fly the flag on the anniversary of the Battle of Bunker Hill to honor New Hampshire Minutemen.

A federal judge ruled Friday the City of Nashua did not violate resident Beth Scaer’s First Amendment rights when it denied her permission to fly the “Appeal to Heaven” Pine Tree flag on the citizen’s flag pole.

“The Magistrate Judge correctly found that the undisputed facts indicate that the flags displayed on the Citizen Flag Pole pursuant to Nashua’s 2022 Flagpole Policy constituted government speech not regulated by the First Amendment,” ruled United States District Court Judge Landya McCafferty.

For years, the City of Nashua had a policy of making a flagpole at City Hall available, upon request, to citizens who wanted to celebrate or demonstrate on behalf of an idea or group. In the past, that included the flags of Ireland, India, and Ukraine, along with the “Suffrage” flag, the “Children of the American Revolution” flag, and the Lion’s Club flag. Recently, city officials took down the New Hampshire state flag to make room for a “Progress Pride” banner.

What the city would not allow was the flying of a flag promoting women’s rights/girls-only sports or the historic “Appeal to Heaven” Pine Tree Flag. Nashua resident Beth Scaer told the city she wanted to fly the flag to commemorate the anniversary of the Bunker Hill battle, in which several New Hampshire residents took part.

The city refused.

“The flag is not in harmony with the message that the city wishes to express and endorse. Therefore, we must deny your request,” wrote Jennifer L. Deshaies, whose job title in city government is “risk manager.”

Scaer sued, and her cause was taken up by the Institute for Free Speech (IFS). The case went before Magistrate Judge Talesha Saint-Marc last year.

During testimony before Saint-Marc, City Attorney Jonathan Barnes compared flying the Pine Tree flag at City Hall to flying a Nazi flag.

“(The plaintiffs) would have you believe that we can raise the Nazi flag to commemorate Hitler’s birthday. I think that’s totally unreasonable, and it certainly wouldn’t be in the city’s best interests to do that,” Barnes said.

In her report rejecting Scaer’s complaints, Saint-Marc called the flag a “far-right” symbol and noted it was flown by some participants in the Jan. 6, 2021 U.S. Capitol riot.

In fact, the pine tree was a common symbol of New England during the Revolutionary War era. The Pine Tree Flag was adopted as Massachusetts’ state flag for a brief period.

The symbol is also tied to the historic Pine Tree Riot in Weare, N.H., one of the first acts of rebellion leading up to the American Revolution.

As for Jan. 6, free speech advocates note the most commonly flown flag by the rioters was the U.S. flag, which currently flies in front of Nashua City Hall.

McCafferty was unmoved.

The legal issue in dispute is the city’s claim that the so-called Citizen’s Flagpole was never, in fact, a free speech forum, despite the many flags flown by many residents to promote various causes. The city insists every flag was a form of “government speech not regulated by the First Amendment,” as McCafferty ruled.

The Greek national flag flies outside Nashua City Hall on the city flagpole usually reserved for the POW-MIA flag.
(CREDIT: Beth Scaer)

The IFS points out that Nashua Mayor Jim Donchess suddenly (and quietly) ended the city’s flagpole policy soon after the lawsuit was filed. ‘The flagpoles on city hall grounds shall henceforth be exclusively controlled by city government,” Donchess declared.

“The abrupt repeal of Nashua’s flag policy is a tacit admission that the old policy was unconstitutional,” IFS attorney Nathan Ristuccia told NHJournal at the time.

On Monday, Ristuccia told NHJournal there will be an appeal.

“We fully intend to appeal this decision to the First Circuit, where we’ll continue arguing that Nashua’s vague and subjective flag policy created exactly the kind of viewpoint discrimination the Supreme Court has repeatedly found unconstitutional.”

Meanwhile, the city’s flag policy continues to raise questions. Just days before McCafferty’s ruling, the city pulled down the POW-MIA flag that traditionally flies outside City Hall and replaced it with the national flag of Greece. It was, according to a statement from the city, to commemorate Greek Independence Day on March 25.

“I don’t know why they ditched the POW-MIA flag, but I think it is disrespectful,” Scaer told NHJournal.

With spring sports starting soon, the parents suing the Bow School District over their silent protest want a ruling before players hit the field.

On Wednesday, attorneys representing the parents filed a request for an expedited decision on their request for a preliminary injunction keeping the school district from banning future protests. And, their lawyers told the court, if a ruling is delayed so long it keeps these parents sidelined, they will consider that a denial of their request for relief and pursue an appeal.

Anthony Foote, Kyle Fellers, Nicole Foote, and Eldon Rash were forced to end a silent protest — the wearing of pink wristbands marked with “XX” on the sidelines of the high school soccer field — by angry school administrators last September. They were protesting the fact that their girls team was being forced to compete against a biological male. 

After Foote and Kyle Fellers were slapped with “no trespass” orders from the school, orders enforced by the local police, the parents filed a lawsuit against the Bow school district.

The parents are being represented in court by legal nonprofit organization the Institute for Free Speech.

The lawsuit was filed in September, and United States District Court Judge Stephen McAuliffe has already conducted two days of evidentiary hearings and been fully briefed by both sides in the lawsuit, attorneys for the parent’s said.

But the court has yet to act on their request for a preliminary injunction protecting their First Amendment right to bring their wristbands to games during the upcoming spring sports season. In their view, it’s literally a case of justice delayed being justice denied.

“Spring sports season is the last chance for Plaintiffs to silently express their sociopolitical views at a Bow event this school year, and—because one of Plaintiffs’ children is a high-school senior—the last chance to ever express their views at one child’s events,” the motion states.

“Parties completed their post-hearing briefing on Dec. 17. No decision on the injunction has yet been issued. The winter sports season has now ended, and the Bow schools’ spring sports season begins March 24, with games commencing April 14.”

Two biological males who have been playing on girls sports teams are currently suing in federal court to block a New Hampshire state law protecting girls sports. When President Donald Trump issued an executive order doing the same thing, they added the president to their lawsuit.

One of those players, Plymouth High School’s Parker Tirrell, was on the team Bow was competing against during the previous silent protest.

McAuliffe previously overturned the Bow School District ban against the parents attending games and after-school activities. But he has not yet lifted the ban on wristbands or other forms of silent protest.

As the calendar progresses toward the new sports season and the final season for at least one of the girls, Feller, Foote, and the others want a decision now.

“Plaintiffs have been prevented from silently protesting at Bow School District extracurricular events during both the fall and winter sports seasons. Everyday that passes magnifies Plaintiffs’ injury. Unless they receive injunctive relief from this Court, they will not be able to express their viewpoint during the spring sports season as well, including all of one daughter’s remaining games as a high-school student,” the motion states.

“If no ruling occurs by April 14, Plaintiffs will understand this Court to have constructively denied the injunction, and pursue interlocutory appeal of that denial.”

McAuliffe has acknowledged there is nothing bigoted in the parent’s beliefs that biological males who identify as female should not play full-contact sports with biological girls.

“You’re entitled to your viewpoint, a lot of people hold it,” McAuliffe said.

In fact, polls show a solid majority of Americans support protecting girls sports from biological males. But Bow Superintendent Marcy Kelly doesn’t agree, and she told the court that expressing that view is offensive speech that should be banned.

“XX is a pretty well-known anti-trans symbol,” Kelly said on the stand.

Other controversial symbols, such as the LGBTQ “rainbow flag,” would be welcome, however.

“It’s inclusionary, it’s not targeting or harassing anyone,” Kelly said.

Forget St. Nick; someone in Concord may end up on Satan’s naughty list after The Satanic Temple’s Baphomet statue was destroyed Monday night in an act of yuletide mayhem.

Concord Deputy Police Chief John Thomas told NHJournal that while the investigation into the vandalism is active and ongoing, he can rule out at least one possible suspect.

“Santa wouldn’t do this,” Thomas said. “Santa loves everybody.”

The statue of the hooded demon was found broken in half around 7 p.m. Monday night, a few hours after the marble slab showing The Satanic Temple’s seven principles was cracked. 

State Rep. Ellen Read (D-Newmarket), who helped organize The Satanic Temple’s display, was spotted gathering up the broken shards of the goat-headed figure Tuesday morning after getting a call about the destruction. She’s not sure if members of The Satanic Temple plan to put their monster mannequin back together.

Rep. Ellen Read (D-Newmarket) puts Baphomet’s legs in her car.

Representatives of the Vermont and New Hampshire-based temple did not respond to a request for comment.

City officials were not thrilled about the addition to the public space when the Baphomet display went up this weekend on the Concord City Square in front of the State House. The square typically plays host to a traditional nativity scene depicting the birth of Jesus.

A statement issued by the City of Concord indicates the permission for the sulphuric statue’s inclusion came under threat of a lawsuit. 

“Under the First Amendment and to avoid litigation, the City needed to choose whether to ban all holiday displays installed by other groups, or otherwise, to allow it,” the statement reads. “After reviewing its legal options, the City ultimately decided to continue the policy of allowing unattended displays at City Plaza during this holiday season and to allow the statue. It is anticipated that the City Council will review next year whether permits for unattended holiday displays should be allowed at City Plaza.”

Cornerstone, a New Hampshire Christian advocacy organization, has mocked the display as a childish and insincere attempt to promote an anti-religious agenda, not an expression of actual spiritual beliefs.

“The Satanic Temple are not Satanists. They have no religious belief in any Satan figure. They are normal, atheist feminists who use Satanic imagery as a legal tactic, to fundraise through media exposure, and because offending Christian grandmothers brings a sense of meaning to their sad lives,” it said in a statement.

Cornerstone acknowledges there are people with pagan or even Satan-centric religious beliefs, but said those behind the State House display aren’t among them.

“If you remember the 1990s, you might have the wrong idea about who put up the ‘Satanic’ statue in Concord, New Hampshire this weekend,” the group posted on social media, “‘The Satanic Temple’ is not Charles Manson: it’s just your liberal feminist aunt trying to trigger you by mocking your faith.”

Rep. Joe Sweeney (R-Salem) sent out a fundraising email from the state GOP Committee to Select House Republicans, arguing Republicans can defend against devils real and, like Baphomet, imagined. 

“We know this is another step in a growing push to undermine the values that make our state special, and to make you feel offended and turned off from getting involved. From offensive displays to legislation that challenges our way of life, New Hampshire Democrats have aligned themselves with the extremism that threatens Granite Staters’ families and freedoms,” Sweeney wrote.

Members of The Satanic Temple, much like members of the Church of Satan, profess an atheistic creed that uses the dark cloak of Satan to shock mainstream society while preaching self-actualization. The Satanic Temple is known for its liberal advocacy in favor of abortion rights, transgender rights, and free speech, not entirely dissimilar to Unitarians.

Though Santa is not a suspect, Rudolph’s whereabouts on Monday are still unknown.

Hit with a free speech lawsuit for denying residents the ability to fly a historical, patriotic flag at City Hall, Nashua Mayor Jim Donchess seemingly retreated by repealing the public flag pole policy.

The repeal isn’t a white flag, the city’s attorneys insist. But lawyers for the residents who’ve brought the lawsuit say it’s a bait and switch to avoid legal peril.

Nashua resident Beth Scaer filed her lawsuit last month after the city refused to allow her to fly a Pine Tree Riot flag on City Hall’s “Citizen’s Flag Pole.” In its rejection statement, the city said the Pine Tree Flag, and a “Protect Women’s Sports” flag she attempted to fly previously, were “not in harmony with the message that the city wishes to express and endorse.”

After the lawsuit was filed, Donchess quietly ended the city’s long tradition of having a public flagpole, declaring that in the future, Nashua’s government would decide what flags would and wouldn’t fly and do so without community involvement.

But that repeal, done without any public input or approval from the city’s Board of Alderman, isn’t enough to get out of legal trouble, insists Scaer’s attorney, Nathan Ristuccia, with the Institute for Free Speech.

“This abrupt change is a transparent attempt to avoid judicial scrutiny, but it cannot moot the Scaers’ claim for injunctive relief,” Ristuccia said in a court filing this week.

Ristuccia said the repeal was simply cover for Nashua to engage in censorship by silencing the views of residents who do not walk in lock-step with the administration. But repealing the policy doesn’t fix anything, he wrote. In fact, Nashua and Donchess have said they don’t plan to stop controlling speech through City Hall, according to Ristuccia.

“If this Court does not grant relief, Defendant Donchess could restore the old policy just as easily as he repealed it. Indeed, a spokesman for Nashua has publicly ‘denied that the mayor had made any change to the cityʼs flagpole policy’ and stated that Donchess was ‘merely clarifying the existing policy,’” Ristuccia states in his motion.

Those statements were made to NHJournal by Steven A. Bolton, the city’s corporation counsel.

The existing policy for City Hall Plaza Events uses the same language as the now-repealed flag policy in order to control the message people are allowed to express, according to Ristuccia.

“Defendants use a City Hall Plaza Events policy that is almost identical to the 2022 flag policy … Ceremonies at the City Hall Plaza are permitted only if the ceremony’s message is ‘in harmony with city policies and messages that the city wishes to express and endorse’ and in ‘the City’s best interest,’” Ristuccia wrote.

The lawsuit stems from Scaer’s request to fly what is known as the “Appeal to Heaven” flag, featuring that phrase (from philosopher John Locke) and a pine tree. The pine tree is also a reference to the 1772 Pine Tree Riot, which took place in Weare, N.H., and is widely viewed as one of the first skirmishes in the American Revolution.

City officials denied the request, but they did not explain why they found the flag objectionable.

The Citizen Flag Pole in Nashua allowed any resident to apply for a permit to fly a flag at City Hall. Past flags have celebrated Pride Month, Indian Independence Day, Brazilian Independence Day, Greek Independence Day, International Francophonie Day, and the anniversary of the founding of Nashua’s Lions Club.

But Scaer says the city started censoring her in 2020 when her flag with the message “Save Women’s Sports” was removed after flying for one day due to complaints from City Councilor Jan Schmidt. In February, she was again denied when she sought to fly a flag supporting people who detransition after a sex change procedure. The denial stated the message was “not in harmony with the message that the City wishes to express and endorse.”

United States District Court Judge Steven McAuliffe gave a partial win Tuesday to parents suing the Bow School District after being punished over holding a silent demonstration in support of protecting girl’s sports.

Bow High School parent Kyle Fellers can now go to his daughter’s soccer games, but he can’t wear the pink “XX” wrist band that got him and three other parents in trouble last month. Fellers and Anthony “Andy” Foote were slapped with no trespassing orders by Bow school officials for engaging in a silent protest at the Sept. 17 game.

McAuliffe said while there are complex nuances to the case that need to be sorted out, it’s clear the school was violating the First Amendment rights of the four adults at the game.

“You can’t suppress free speech based on whether you think it’s appropriate,” McAuliffe said.

Fellers, Andy Foote, Nicole Foote, and Eldon Rush are seeking the right to keep wearing pink “XX” armbands to games, but McAuliffe said both Bow’s attorney, Brian Cullen, and attorneys for the parents need to show more evidence and legal arguments to make the case. An evidentiary hearing will be set for November.

Cullen and the district argue the school can set limits on free speech in order to protect students from harassment and other harms. But given the facts before him, McAuliffe wasn’t sold that the school showed it was protecting anyone from any real harassment.

“How is wearing a pink wristband harassment?” McAuliffe asked.

Attorney for the parents Endel Kolde, with the nonprofit Institute for Free Speech, said school officials are punishing people who hold unpopular views.

“Everyone knows if they wore rainbow wristbands in support of trans students, or if they wore blue and gold wristbands in support of the war in Ukraine, nothing would have happened,” Kolde said.

The district was on high alert heading into the Sept. 17 game as Bow was set to host Plymouth High School where transgender student Parker Tirrell plays on the girl’s soccer team. Tirrell won an injunction on Sept. 10 against the state law that bans biological males from playing on girl’s teams.

Cullen said Bow had an obligation to keep Tirrell from being harassed by rowdy, crude protests or heckling. But according to Kodel, few people, including Tirrell, knew about the wristbands until school officials confronted the parents and ordered them to remove the offending accessories. The protest coincided with the Plymouth game, but it was in no way directed at Tirrell, Kodel said.

McAuliffe said while there is not enough evidence on the record to determine what, if any, harm was done by the protests, the pink wristbands on their own symbolize a non-bigoted viewpoint that is still open for debate, that girl’s sports is a space for biological girls. 

Even if Tirrell was aware of the wristbands during the Sept. 17 game, it does not automatically rise to the level of an offense that requires the school to step in and curb the constitutional rights of adults.

“Surely, it’s not harmful for a trans student playing on a girl’s team to know there are people who don’t think they should be playing on the girl’s team,” McAuliffe said

After the Bow School District slapped them with a no trespass order over wearing pink wristbands to their daughters’ soccer game in support of girls-only sports, Anthony “Andy” Foote and Kyle Fellers filed a lawsuit defending their right to free speech.

On Tuesday, Fellers will be in court asking a federal judge to remove the no trespass order banning him from his daughter’s activities, hours before her next home soccer game.

The Institute for Free Speech and local counsel Richard Lehmann will argue in favor of a temporary restraining order to block the district’s ban. The hearing is set for 2:30 p.m. Tuesday in the United States District Court in Concord.

The next Bow soccer game is scheduled for Tuesday at 6:45 p.m.

“We just want a dad to be able to see his daughter play high school soccer,” Lehmann told NHJournal. “The idea that someone gets punished for holding views that are unpopular with people at the top of the local power structure is un-American, and it should end. Now.”

The lawsuit was filed by Fellers, Foote, Foote’s wife Nicole, and Eldon Rash, all Bow residents.

On Sept. 17, when Bow was facing Plymouth Regional High School, Fellers and Anthony Foote showed up wearing pink wristbands with “XX” written on them, symbolizing the two X chromosomes women have. Plymouth has a biological male on its girls soccer team.

During the game, school officials, along with Bow Police Lt.  Phil Lamy confronted the parents and demanded they remove the wristbands or leave. When the parents refused, citing their First Amendment rights, they were threatened with arrest for trespassing. The referee then stopped the game and said Bow High School would forfeit if the plaintiffs did not remove their wristbands.

The no trespass order against Foote expired after a week, but the one filed against Fellers extends through the entire fall season. Not only does it ban him from future soccer games, it also bars him from going to any school event, sports related or not. It even keeps him from being able to do things like picking up his children from after-school practices, according to the complaint.

The Bow School District is scrambling to fix its apparent free speech violation, according to the motion filed to support the TRO. Since the Sept. 17 game, the district created a new “free speech zone” at home games, restricting any protests or demonstrations to an area near the scoreboard that is 50 yards away from the field.

The new policy also limits the times people are allowed to use the “free speech zone” to 30 minutes before and after games, and the policy limits the number of people allowed to take part to no more than 50 people at a given time. 

The lawsuit names Kelley and Lamy as defendants along with Bow High School Principal Matt Fisk, Bow Athletic Director Mike Desilets, and soccer referee Steve Rossetti. 

For years, the University of New Hampshire had a reputation for fostering free speech and a diversity of ideas on campus. But that reputation has been under assault of late, and now its standing in the latest Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression (FIRE) annual rankings for campus speech has fallen from third in the nation to 59th.

“I did not expect such a drop,” State Rep. Daniel Popovici-Muller (R-Windham) told NHJournal. He was the prime sponsor of a new law protecting free speech on campus passed earlier this year.

As disturbing as UNH’s fall may be, it still hasn’t hit Ivy League levels. The university with the worst free-speech climate in the country is right across the state line in Massachusetts: Harvard.

“Harvard University retained its position as the lowest-ranked institution for free speech for the second consecutive year,” according to the report. “Harvard, Columbia University, New York University all received an ‘Abysmal’ rating for their speech climates. The University of Pennsylvania and Barnard College round out the bottom five.”

Dartmouth College was ranked 224, one of the 30 worst-performing schools in the country.

The top five states: University of Virginia, Michigan Technological University, Florida State University, Eastern Kentucky University, and Georgia Tech. UNH, on the other hand, maintains pro-speech policies, according to the FIRE report, but the latest student survey exposes troubling trends. FIRE’s free speech report found a huge majority of UNH students (77 percent) support shouting down speakers with whom they disagree. Another 42 percent indicated using violence to stop speakers they disagree with is sometimes acceptable. 

A UNH representative told NHJournal the university has an excellent free speech climate, as evidenced by the many events held on campus.

“The University of New Hampshire has a long and proud history of supporting the First Amendment. Over the course of the last school year, UNH permitted a variety of Free Speech events across the ideological and political spectrum,” UNH Executive Director of Public Relations Tania deLuzuriaga said.

But the ACLU of New Hampshire criticized how UNH handled anti-Israel protests on campus, using the police to stop pro-Palestine protesters from setting up a large-scale “encampment” on campus. While police ended up arresting 12 people during the May protests, but all but one of those charged had their cases dropped. 

Popovici-Muller worked with FIRE and UNH when he created the free speech protection law (HB1305), signed into law by Gov. Chris Sununu this summer. When he first started working on the issue in 2023, Popovici-Muller said, conservative and religious groups were being silenced at the school. 

“There has been a pattern of certain groups being treated differently from others when it comes to free speech,” he said.

The Christian group Free Exercise Coalition (FEC) had to lawyer up and file a federal complaint when it was denied official recognition as a student group at the University of New Hampshire Franklin Pierce School of Law by the Student Bar Association (SBA) last year.

State Rep. Ellen Read (D-Newmarket) is one of a handful of Democrats who supported Popovici-Muller’s bill. She was a bit taken aback that more Democrats were not on board. The right to protest was instrumental in the fight for liberal ideals like civil rights, women’s liberation, and against the Vietnam War, she said.

“Free speech is a liberal, leftist concept going all the way back to John Locke,” Read said. “We need to uphold those values. If one side can violate basic rights, that will be used against us as soon as the power shifts.”

New Hampshire Democrats who saw Popovici-Muller’s bill as only benefiting conservatives changed their minds when the pro-Palestinian protests started, Read said.

It shouldn’t matter what the viewpoint of any particular group or individual happens to be, Popovici-Muller said. A public institution like a university must respect everyone’s right to speak and assemble. 

“You cannot stack the deck. If you have the power to stack the deck today in your favor, in the future it will be stacked against you,” he said. “The university is facing a very challenging environment where lots of people don’t understand treating all speech equally regardless of its content.”

Exeter High School Athletic District Bill Ball said the school respects all students.

But the attorney for an Exeter student who was punished for expressing his opinions about gender said the school needs to respect the rule of law.

During the bench trial in Rockingham Superior Court, Ball and Assistant Exeter High School Principal Marcy Dovholuk explained why they punished a Catholic student for what was a private text sent outside of school.

The football coach benched the freshman student for one game in 2021 over a discussion he had with a classmate. He is seeking $1 in damages. He also wants Ball to admit wrongdoing. The student insists he was punished for defending his view that there are only two genders, male and female.

His attorney, Richard Lehmann, told NHJournal Exeter is another example of New Hampshire school districts running roughshod over anyone who disagrees with the new, extreme gender mores.

“It’s bad enough that children are made to feel uncomfortable expressing traditional views on matters related to gender in school,” Lehmann said. “Or when schools announce they will lie to parents about their children’s in-school gender expression, as Manchester, Exeter, and other schools do. But it’s made even worse when schools reach beyond their gates and into children’s private lives and seek to control their behavior at home or in private communications with other kids that happen entirely outside of any context related to the school,” Lehmann said.

Lehamann’s client, John Doe, is using a pseudonym to protect his identity. He has since left Exeter and is enrolled at a Catholic high school. Doe testified he was talking with friends on a bus after school about another student who claimed to be “non-binary” during Spanish class. Doe testified he thought that odd since the Spanish language relies on feminine and masculine genders.

The non-binary student was not involved or aware, of the conversation at the time.

Instead, a female classmate who was not part of the conversation later confronted Doe, insisting that humans come in more than two genders. Doe and this female student then got into a heated conversation, with Doe arguing the mainstream stance that there are two sexes. Doe based this view on both science and his religious beliefs.

The girl texted him later that evening to continue the argument. At one point, Doe told the girl to “STFU,” which he testified was an attempt to be funny.

The next day, Doe was called in by Dovholuk and informed he would be punished for the conversation he had the night before over text. Dovholuk claimed the punishment was for bullying and bad language and not Doe’s beliefs regarding gender.

“At Exeter, we respect people, and we respect how they identify,” Dovholuk reportedly said.

Ball testified he told Doe, “We respect all.”

Lehmann said the United States Supreme Court already ruled that schools cannot punish students for things they say off campus. In June 2021, the High Court ruled against a Pennsylvania high school that suspended cheerleader Brandi Levy for using the f-word in a social media video about the cheer team.

“Three months before the facts of this case arose, the United States Supreme Court dismissed an athletic sanction imposed by a coach because the authority of the athletic department to penalize students for engaging in free speech could only extend to off-campus, non-school activities in rare circumstances,” Lehmann said.

In its ruling, the Supreme Court ruled that school districts cannot police students’ speech when they are not in school.

“From the student speaker’s perspective, regulations of off-campus speech, when coupled with regulations of on-campus speech, include all the speech a student utters during the full 24-hour day. That means courts must be more skeptical of a school’s efforts to regulate off-campus speech, for doing so may mean the student cannot engage in that kind of speech at all,” the justices wrote.

The Doe case is now being considered by Judge Andrew Schulman, who is expected to render a verdict in the coming weeks. Doe is doing well at his new school, Lehmann said.

“He is a great kid from a terrific family, and Exeter High School is a lesser place because of his absence.”